BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Thuy Le is an Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology at Duke University School of Medicine, co-Director of the Clinical Core of the Duke Center for AIDS Research, and Co-Director of the Tropical Medicine Research Program for Talaromycosis in Vietnam.

She leads an international research collaboration to develop and test novel non-culture-based diagnostics and novel therapeutic strategies for talaromycosis, a severe HIV-associated fungal infection endemic in Southeast Asia. She led the first-ever multi-center treatment trial that has defined international and US treatment guidelines for talaromycosis, and she is currently leading as PI multiple NIH grants to advance a pipeline of novel non-culture diagnostics for talaromycosis.

Her passion in the translation of knowledge and technologies into real-world disease control and prevention strategies has placed her at the forefront of national and international leadership in the fields of HIV and Mycology.

Dr. Le is a member of multiple WHO Guidelines Committees on HIV Therapy, Management of Advanced HIV Disease, and Management of AIDS-associated Cryptococcal Meningitis and Histoplasmosis. She leads the European Confederation of Medical Mycology Guidelines for Endemic Mycoses and leads the talaromycosis section of the NIH/CDC/HIVMA/IDSA Guidelines on Opportunistic Infections.

Dr. Le is a member of the Organizing Committee for the Asia Pacific AIDS and Coinfection Conference. She is an Associate Editor of Medical Mycology and PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases and has led publications in the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, Lancet Infectious Diseases, Lancet Global Health, Clinical Infectious Diseases, AIDS, and Antiviral Therapy.

PROFESSIONAL PROGRESS

Time	Workplace	Job Title
2005-2006	Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA	Clinical Instructor
2009 – 2018	John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI	Assistant Professor of Medicine
2011 – 2017	Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of	Senior Research Fellow – Group Head
2018 – current	Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK	Honorary Senior Research Fellow
2019- current	Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK	Associate Professor of Medicine
2019- current	Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC	Associate Professor Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
2021 – 2022	Duke Center for AIDS Research	Associate Director of the Clinical Core
2022 – current	Duke Center for AIDS Research	Co-Director of the Clinical Core h

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROGRESS

1. Ongoing Research projects

No	Name	Start/End year	Level	Role of participant
01	Tropical Medicine Research Center for Talaromycosis in Vietnam	4/01/2022-3/31/2027	Reseach grant	PI
02	Early Phase Clinical Unit (EPCTU)	1/14/2022 – 1/13/2032	Reseach grant	Co-I
03	NIHR Global Health Group on HIV-Associated Fungal Infection	2022 – 2025	Reseach grant	Co-I
04	“Engagement of Policy makers and Health Care Providers for the Adoption of the WHO Package of Care for Advanced HIV Diseases in Vietnam”	April to Oct 2022	Reseach grant	PI
05	“Mapping the IgM and IgG serological response to talaromycosis in mice and men – Deciphering acute from reactivated infection”	6/1/2021 – 5/31/2023	Reseach grant	PI
06	“Implications of mycoviral infection in Talaromyces marneffei: an analysis of human patient samples, RNAi, and hypermutation”	4/1/2021 – 3/31/2023	Reseach grant	PI
07	“Short Course Liposomal Amphotericin B for Talaromycosis – a Phase II RCT”	2022-2024	Reseach grant	Co-I
08	“Making an Early Diagnosis of Talaromycosis – an Approach to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality in Advanced HIV Disease in Southeast Asia”	2019-2024	Reseach grant	PI
09	“Molecular Mycology and Pathogenesis Training Program”	2019-2023	Reseach grant	Mentor
10	“Development of a point of care diagnostic for the detection of Talaromyces marneffei infection”	2020-2022	Reseach grant	Co-I
11	“Tackling a neglected HIV-associated infection – A validation study of the IgG and IgM serological responses to talaromycosis”	2020-2021	Reseach grant	Co-I
12	“Early detection of the invasive fungal infection talaromycosis by a novel portable point-of-care platform”	2020-2021	Reseach grant	PI
13	Open-Label, Randomized, Pilot Study of the Efficacy and Hepatic Safety of Raltegravir-based and Efavirenz-based Regimens when Given in Combination with Tenofovir and Emtricitabine in Antiretroviral-Naïve HIV-infected Subjects Co-Infected with Hepatitis C”	2015-2021	Reseach grant	Co-I/Oxford PI
14	“Profiling the immunological response to antifungal therapy in HIV-associated talaromycosis”	2018-2020	Reseach grant	Sub-award PI
15	“Prevalence and impact on mortality of asymptomatic Talaromyces marneffei antigenemia in patients with advanced HIV disease in Vietnam”	2018-2020	Reseach grant	Sub-award PI
16	“A Randomised Controlled Trial of Itraconazole vs. Amphotericin B for the Induction Therapy of Penicilliosis (IVAP)”	2011-2017	Reseach grant	PI
17	“Impact of baseline HIV-1 drug resistance in ART-naïve patients with and without virological monitoring on cART in Ha Noi, Vietnam”	2015-2018	Reseach grant	Sub-award PI
18	“Health economics of emerging infectious diseases in Vietnam”	2012-2014	Reseach grant	PI
19	“A Case Control Study to Evaluate the Exposure Risk Factors of Penicillium marneffei Infection in Vietnam”	2011-2014	Reseach grant	PI
20	“Epidemiology of HIV-Associated Penicillium marneffei Infection in Vietnam”	2009-2011	Reseach grant	Personal Fellowship
21	Prevalence and Patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients infected with HIV-1 subtype CRF-01AE during antiretroviral rollout in Vietnam”	2009-2011	Reseach grant	PI
22	“Clinical significance of low-abundance HIV drug-resistant mutations in patients failing antiretroviral therapy using the 454 ultra-deep pyrosequencing technology”	2007-2009	Reseach grant	Personal Fellowship

2. Published Studies

No	Name	Year Published	Journal
1	Effect of mutations in the Pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthase gene do not affect outcome of P. carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV-1: a prospective study	2021	Lancet
2	Susceptibility of INF-gamma or IL-12 Knock-out and SCID Mice to Infection with Two Microsporidian Species, Encephalitozoon cuniculi and E. intestinalis	2004	Folia Parasitologica
3	Low-Abundance HIV Drug-Resistant Viral Variants in Treatment-Experienced Persons Correlate with Historical Antiretroviral Use	2009	PLoS ONE
4	AIDS-associated Cryptococcal neoformans and Penicillium marneffei coinfection: a therapeutic dilemma in resourcelimited settings	2010	Clin Infec Dis
5	AIDS-Associated Penicillium marneffei infection of the Central Nervous System	2010	Clin Infect Dis
6	Epidemiology, Seasonality and Outcome Predictors of Penicillium marneffei Infection in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam	2011	Clin Infect Dis
7	The fall of typhoid and the rise of non-typhoid Salmonellae, Cryptococcus neoformans and Penicillium marneffei in a changing HIV landscape: Bloodstream infection trends over fifteen years in southern Vietnam	2012	Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg
8	HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral-Naive Individuals with HIV-Associated Tuberculosis Meningitis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam	2012	Antivir Ther
9	Clinical characteristics and outcome of Penicillium marneffei infection among HIV-infected patients in northern Vietnam	2012	AIDS Res Ther
10	Environmental Predictors and Incubation Period of AIDS-Associated Penicillium marneffei Infection in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam	2018	Clin Infect Dis
11	Diagnosing Rhodococcus equi Infection in High Tuberculosis Endemic Setting, a double challenge	2015	J Clin Microbiol
12	Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Outcome and Predictors of Mortality at the Largest HIV Treatment Centre in southern Vietnam	2015	Medicine
13	Antiretroviral penetration into the CNS and incidence of AIDS-defining neurologic conditions. Correspondence	2015	Neurology
14	High prevalence of PI resistance in patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam	2016	J Antimicrob Chemother
15	Prevalence and patterns of Transmitted Drug Resistance in HIV-Infected Adult Patients Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Hanoi, Vietnam	2015	J. of Biotechnology
16	Adjunctive Dexamethasone in HIVAssociated Cryptococcal Meningitis	2016	N Engl J Med
17	Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid detection of Talaromyces marneffei MP1 gene in human plasma	2016	Mycoses
18	Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in Asia: clinical observations, disease outcomes and dominant serovars from an infectious disease hospital in Vietnam	2016	Plos Neg Trop Dis
19	Looking for Fungi in All the Right Places: Screening for Cryptococcal Disease and Other AIDS-Related Mycoses Before Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation	2017	Curr Opin HIV AIDS
20	The Impact of HCV Therapy in a high HIV-HCV prevalence population: A modeling study on people who inject Drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam	2017	PLOS One
21	AIDS-Related Mycoses: Current Progress in the Field and Future Priorities	2017	Trends Microbio
22	A Trial of Itraconazole or Amphotericin B for HIV-Associated Talaromycosis	2017	N Engl J Med
23	Itraconazole or Amphotericin B for Talaromycosis	2017	N Engl J Med
24	Fungal infections in HIV/AIDS	2017	Lancet Infect Dis
25	Itraconazole and antiretroviral therapy: strategies for empiric dosing: Author Reply	2017	Lancet Infect Dis
26	Clinical features of three patients with paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Talaromyces marneffei infection	2018	Mycol Case Reports
27	World Health Organization Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of cryptococcal disease in HIV-infected adults, adolescents and children. Supplement to the 2016 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection	2018	WHO
28	Guideline Development Group for Managing Advanced HIV Disease and Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy. Managing Advanced HIV Disease in a Public Health Approach	2018	Clin Infect Dis
29	Diagnosis and Management of Systemic Endemic Mycoses Causing Pulmonary Disease	2018	Respiration
30	Leave No One Behind: response to new evidence and guidelines for the management of cryptococcal meningitis in low-income and middle-income countries	2018	Lancet Infect Dis
31	Detection and Characterization of Human Pegivirus 2 in Vietnam	2018	Emerg Infec Dis
32	Population Pharmacodynamics of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate for Disseminated Infection Caused by Talaromyces marneffei	2018	Antimicrob Agent Chemother
33	Differential prevalence and geographic distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in acute and chronic hepatitis C patients in Vietnam.	2019	PLoS One
34	Effects of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on Talaromyces marneffei infection in HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study.	2019	Emerg Micro & Infect
35	Complete genomes for two Talaromyces marneffei clinical isolates from northern and southern Vietnam	2020	Microbiol Resour Announc
36	Superior Performance of the Novel Mp1p Immunoassay Compared to Automated Blood Culture in the Diagnosis of Talaromycosis	2020	Clin Infec Dis
37	Occult Talaromyces marneffei Infection Unveiled by a Novel Mp1p Enzyme Immunoassay	2020	Open Forum Infec Dis
38	Clinical epidemiology and outcome of HIV-associated talaromycosis in Guangdong, China, 2011-2017	2020	HIV Med
39	Prognosis and treatment effects in HIV-associated talaromycosis	2021	Med Mycol
40	Neurocognitive trajectories after 72 weeks of first-line anti-retroviral therapy in Vietnamese adults with HIV-HCV co-infection	2021	Frontiers Neurology
41	Global Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of the Endemic Mycoses	2021	Lancet Infect Dis
42	Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19: an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials	2021	Nature Communications
43	Pulmonary talaromycosis – a window into the immunopathogenesis of an endemic mycosis	2021	Mycopathologia
44	The Cost-Effectiveness of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate versus Itraconazole for Induction Therapy of Talaromycosis in HIV-Infected Adults in Vietnam	2021	Open For Infec Dis
45	Talaromyces marneffei promotes M2 polarization of human macrophages by downregulating SOCS3 expression and activating TLR9 pathway	2021	Virulence
46	Population pharmacodynamics of Itraconazole for Disseminated Infection Caused by Talaromyces marneffei	2021	Antimicro Agents and Chemo
47	Curvularia alcornii aortic pseudoaneurysm following aortic valve replacement: case report and review of the literature	2021	Open For Infec Dis
48	A Global Call for Talaromycosis to be Recognized as a Neglected Tropical Disease	2021	Lancet Global Health
49	Immunologic Change over 72 Weeks following Raltegravir vs Efavirenz-based Therapy in HIV/HCV co-infected Individuals in Vietnam	2021	AIDS Res Human Retrov
50	Endemic mycoses: geographical distribution is still a work in progress	2022	Lancet Infect Dis
51	Non-invasive testing and surrogate markers in invasive fungal diseases	2022	Open For Infec Dis
52	COVID-19 Trials: Who Participates and Who Benefits?	2022	The Southern Med Assoc